Three-Dimensional Tetrahedron Network (3D TEN) and Volumetric Geo-Objects (VGO) Data Model for Groundwater Simulation in Bida Basin, Nigeria

The presence of complex ground soil structures limits the attempt for groundwater extraction alternate water supply usage. Hydrologists and engineers have made many attempts to Model 3D flow storage using digital elevation model (DEM) data but resulted in limited success terms actual subsurface geology representation. This study construct resistivity an environment volumetric geo-objects (VGOs) tetrahedron network (3D TEN) structures. Subsurface were collected vertical electrical sounding (VES) approach analyse geological structure area. To determine course movement groundwater, constant was applied from Darcy's law Lagrangian technique. A time frame one hour, two hours, four hours eight-hour intervals tested simulate porosity permeability various types with findings validated use visualisation data. implemented geo-object (VGO) TEN show volume over topsoil be 17,461,228.07 hour; clay 870,614.04; clayey sand 435,307.02; sandy clays 348,245.61 per kilometre cube (km3). VGO simulation this research offers improved perspective that will promote sustainable exploration societal developments. beneficial stakeholders, resource managers government agencies such as Ministry Water Resources. Keywords: Data model, Groundwater simulation, Three-dimensional TEN), Vertical (VES), Visualisation, Volumetric